Lehrbuch der Biochemie: Abkürzungen
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Die folgende Tabelle beinhaltet in der Biochemie häufig genutze Abkürzungen.
| Abkürzung | Bedeutung |
| A | Adenin |
| ACAT | Acyl-CoA: Cholesterin-Acyltransferase |
| ACh | Acetylcholin |
| ACP | Acylcarrier-Protein |
| ADH | Alkohol-Dehydrogenase |
| ADP | Adenosindiphosphat |
| AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrom |
| AMP | Adenosinmonophosphat |
| ALA | δ-Aminolävulinsäure |
| ATCase | Aspartattranscarbamoylase |
| ATP | Adenosintriphosphat |
| ATPase | Adenosintriphosphatase |
| Bp | Basenpaar |
| BPG | D-2,3-Biphosphosphoglycerat |
| BPTI | bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor |
| C | Cytosin |
| CaM | Calmodulin |
| cAMP | cyclisches Adenosinmonophosphat |
| CAP | catabolite activating protein |
| cDNA | komplimentäre Desoxiribonukleinsäure |
| CDP | Cytidindiphosphat |
| CDR | complimentarity dertermining region |
| cGMP | cyclisches Guanosinmonophosphat |
| Chl | Chlorophyll |
| CM | Carboxymethyl |
| CMP | Cytidinmonophosphat |
| CoA | Coenzym A |
| CoQ | Coenzym Q (Ubichinon) |
| CTP | Cytidintriphosphat |
| Cyt | Cytochrom |
| d | desoxy |
| D | Dalton |
| dd | didesoxy |
| DEAE | Diethylaminoethyl |
| DG | sn-1,2-Diacylglycerin |
| DHAP | Dihydroxyacetonphosphat |
| DHF | Dihydrofolat |
| DHFR | Dihydrofolat-Reduktase |
| DMF | N,N-Dimethylformamid |
| DMS | Dimethylsulfat |
| DNA | Desoxiribonukleinsäure |
| DNP | 2,4-Dinitrophenol |
| L-DOPA | L-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanin |
| EcoRI | Escherichia coli Restiktionsendonuclease I |
| EF | Elongationsfaktor |
| EGF | epidermaler Wachstumsfaktor |
| EPR | Elektronenspinresonaz |
| ER | enodplasmatisches Retikulum |
| FAD | Flavin-adenin-dinucloetid (oxidert) |
| FADH2 | Flavin-adenin-dinucloetid (reduziert) |
| FBP | Fructose-1,6-biphosohat |
| Fd | Ferrodoxin |
| FH | familiäre Hypercholesterinamie |
| fMet | N-Formylmethionin |
| FMN | Flavin-mononucleotid |
| F1P | Fructose-1-phosphat |
| F6P | Fructose-6-phosphat |
| G | Guanin |
| GABA | γ-Aminobuttersäure |
| Gal | Galactose |
| GalNAc | N-Acetylgalactoseamin |
| GAP | Glycerinaldehyd-3-phosphat |
| GAPDH | Glycerinaldehyd-3-phosphat-Dehydrogenase |
| GDP | Guanosindiphosphat |
| Gla | γ-Carboxyglutamat |
| GLC | Gas-Flüssigkeits-Chromatographie |
| Glc | Glucose |
| GMP | Guanosinmonophosphat |
| G1P | Glucose-1-Phosphat |
| G6P | Glucose-6-Phosphat |
| GSH | Glutathion |
| GSSG | Glutathionendisulfid |
| GTP | Guanosintriphosphat |
| GTP | Guanosintriphosphatase |
| HA | Hämagglutinin |
| Hb | Hämoglobin |
| HDL | high density lipoprotein |
| HGPRT | Hypoxanthin-Guanin-Phosphoribosyl-transferase |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| hnRNA | heterogene nukleäre RNA |
| HPLC | high-perforance/pressure liquid chromatography |
| Hyl | 5-Hydroxylsin |
| Hyp | 4-Hydroxyprolin |
| IDL | intermediate density lipoprotein |
| IF | Initationsfaktoren |
| IgG | Immunglobin G |
| IHP | Inositolhexaphosphat |
| IMP | Inosinmonophosphat |
| IP1 | Inositol-1-phosphat |
| IP3 | Inositol-1,4,5-phosphat |
| IPTG | Isopropylthiogalactosid |
| IR | Infrarot |
| IS | Insertionssequenz |
| ITP | Inosintriphosphat |
| KM | Michaelis-Konstante |
| kb | Kilobasenpaar |
| kD | Kilodalton |
| LDH | low density lipoprotein |
| Man | Mannose |
| Mb | Myoglobin |
| MHC | major histocompatibility complex |
| mRNA | messenger-RNA |
| NA | Neuraminidase |
| NAD+ | Nicotinamid-adenin-dinucleotid (oxiert) |
| NADH | Nicotinamid-adenin-dinucleotid (reduziert) |
| NADP+ | Nicotinamid-adenin-dinucleotid-Phosphat (oxidiert) |
| NADPH | Nicotinamid-adenin-dinucleotid-Phosphat (reduziert) |
| NAG | N-Acetylglucosamin |
| NAM | N-Acetylmuraminsäure |
| NANA | N-Acetylneuraminsäure |
| NMN | Nicotinamid-mononucleotid |
| NMR | nuclear magnetic resonarnce (Kernmagnetische Resonanz) |
| P oder p | Phosphat |
| Pi | Orthophosphat |
| PAGE | Polyacrylamid-Gelelectrophorese |
| PBG | Porphobilinogen |
| PC | Plastocyanin |
| PCR | polymerase chain reaction |
| PE | Phosphatidylethanolamin |
| PEP | Phosphoenolpyruvat |
| PEPCK | PEP-Carboxykinase |
| PFG | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis |
| PFK | Phosphofructokinase |
| PG | Prostaglandin |
| 2PG | 2-Phosphoglycerat |
| 3PG | 3-Phosphoglacerat |
| PGI | Phosphoglucose-Isomerase |
| PGK | Phosphoglucose-Kinase |
| PGM | Phosphoglucose-Mutase |
| PIP2 | Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphat |
| PK | Pyruvatkinase |
| PKU | Phenylketonurie |
| PLP | Pyridoxal-5-phosphat |
| PPii | Pyrophosphat |
| PrP | Prionen-Protein |
| PRPP | 5-Phosphoribosy-a-pyrophosphat |
| PS | Photosystem |
| PSTV | potato spindle tuber virus |
| Q | Ubichinon |
| RER | rauhes endoplasmatisches Reticulum |
| RF | release factor oder replikative Form |
| RFLP | Restriktionsfragment-Längenpolymorphismus |
| RK | HMG-CoA-Reduktase-Kinase |
| RKK | Reduktasekinase-Kinase |
| RNA | Ribonukleinsäure |
| RNase | Ribonuclease |
| R5P | Ribose-5-phosphat |
| RSV | Rous sarcoma-Virus |
| Ru1,5P | Ribulose-1,5-biphosphat |
| Ru5P | Ribulose-5-phosphat |
| Rubisco | Ribulose-1,5-biphosphat-Carboxylase |
| S | Svenberg-Einheit |
| SAM | S-Adenosylmethionin |
| scRNA | kleine Cytoplasma-RNA |
| SDS | sodium dodecyl sulfat (Natriumdodecylsulfat) |
| snRNA | small nuclear RNA |
| S7P | Sedoheptulose-7-phosphat |
| snRNP | small ribonuclear protein |
| SRP | signal recognition particle |
| T | Thymin |
| TBSV | tomato bushy stunt virus |
| TDP | Thymidin-diphosphat |
| THF | Tetrahydrofolat |
| TIM | Triosephosphat-Isomerase |
| TLC | thin layer chromatography |
| TMV | Tabakmosaik-Virus |
| TPP | Thiamin-pyrophosphat |
| tRNA | Transfer-RNA |
| TTP | Thymidin-triphosphat |
| U | Uracil |
| UDP | Uridinmonophophat |
| UTP | Uridintriphosphat |
| UMP | Uridinmonophosphat |
| UV | Ultraviolett |
| VLDL | very low density lipoprotein |
| XMP | Xanthosinmonophosphat |
| Xu5P | Xylulose-5-phosphat |
| YAC | yeast artificial chromosome |
| YADH | Alkohol-Dehydrogenase aus Hefe |
